When to Perform

As the Elaine Bromily case demonstrated, while it is essential to know how to perform a cricothyroidotomy, you also need to be aware of when to perform one. Rehearse in your mind at what stage of a failed intubation you would consider and perform an emergency cricothyriodotomy. Table 1 may help.

While many excellent courses are available to practice on manikins and cadavers, a simple empty plastic drinks bottle with some thick tape over it can suffice as a makeshift trachea for practice.

Stage Stage Say Do
Can't intubate after 3 attempts* Ready Declare "failed intubation" Get the surgical FONA equipment
Failed SAD placement or failed FMV after 3 attempts* Set Declare "CICO" Open the FONA equipment after one failed attempt each with FMV and SAD
CICO Go Emergency FONA Perform scalpel-bougie cricothyroidotomy
SAD = Supraglottic airway device, FMV = Face-mask ventilation

Table 1 Preparing and performing emergency cricothyroidotomy

*You don't need to have all 3 attempts. It might become clear after 1 attempt that you need to move to FONA.